Монгол орны хөрсний бичил биетний олон янз байдлыг орчин үеийн аргаар судалж байна

Нийтлэсэн Б Нямдаваа
2023-12-21
415

Exploration of Mongolian Soil Microbial Community Diversity Using a Culture-Independent Method

Researchers at the Institute of Biology, Mongolian Academy of Sciences (IB, MAS) are examining the roles of soil microbial community and functional diversity in soil health across various climate backgrounds in Mongolia. We utilize a high-throughput amplicon sequencing approach that eliminate the need for isolating and culturing individual microbial strains. The sequencing data are analyzed using the amplicon sequencing data processing pipeline developed by Dr. Ye-Deng’s group at Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Here, we present the relative abundance of bacterial phyla identified in the representative soil samples collected from the forest steppe, steppe, desert steppe and desert zones. Initial results indicate that the dominant bacterial phyla in Mongolian soils are Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Verrucomicrobiota, Acidobacteria, and Chloroflexi (please refer to Figures 1–4). Tables 1–4 display the most abundant bacterial groups at order level at the four sampling sites.

The complete list of identified microbial species in Mongolian soils will be made available upon request following the publication of our findings.

This research is part of an international collaborative research project funded by the Alliance of International Science Organizations. The principle investigator of the project is Dr. Punsaldulam Dashnyam at IB, MAS.

Figure 1. Relative abundance of bacterial phyla found in a soil sample collected from forest steppe zone.

Figure 2. Relative abundance of bacterial phyla found in a soil sample collected from steppe zone.

Figure 3. Relative abundance of bacterial phyla found in a soil sample collected from desert steppe zone.

Figure 4. Relative abundance of bacterial phyla found in a soil sample collected from desert zone.

Table 1. The most abundant bacterial taxa found in a soil sample collected from forest steppe zone.


#	Phylum	Class	Order	Relative abundance, %
1	Verrucomicrobiota	Verrucomicrobiae	Chthoniobacterales	3.09
2	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	2.73
3	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	2.03
4	Proteobacteria	Alphaproteobacteria	Rhizobiales	1.73
5	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	1.65
6	Verrucomicrobiota	Verrucomicrobiae	Chthoniobacterales	1.51
7	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Gaiellales	1.31
8	Verrucomicrobiota	Verrucomicrobiae	Chthoniobacterales	1.24
9	Proteobacteria	Alphaproteobacteria	Rhizobiales	1.18
10	Proteobacteria	Gammaproteobacteria	Burkholderiales	1.13
11	Firmicutes	Bacilli	Bacillales	0.97
12	Gemmatimonadota	Gemmatimonadetes	Gemmatimonadales	0.95
13	Verrucomicrobiota	Verrucomicrobiae	Chthoniobacterales	0.92
14	Actinobacteriota	Rubrobacteria	Rubrobacterales	0.88
15	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Gaiellales	0.84
16	Actinobacteriota	Rubrobacteria	Rubrobacterales	0.82
17	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	Pseudonocardiales	0.79
18	Chloroflexi	KD4-96	metagenome	0.76
19	Acidobacteriota	Vicinamibacteria	Vicinamibacterales	0.60
20	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	0.56
21	Myxococcota	bacteriap25	metagenome	0.54
22	Actinobacteriota	Rubrobacteria	Rubrobacterales	0.53
23	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	0.51
24	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	Corynebacteriales	0.50
25	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Unclassified	0.50
26	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Gaiellales	0.49
27	Acidobacteriota	Blastocatellia	Pyrinomonadales	0.48
28	Acidobacteriota	Vicinamibacteria	Vicinamibacterales	0.47
29	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	0.46
30	Verrucomicrobiota	Verrucomicrobiae	Chthoniobacterales	0.45
31	Firmicutes	Bacilli	Bacillales	0.44
32	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Gaiellales	0.43
33	Myxococcota	bacteriap25	metagenome	0.42
34	Proteobacteria	Alphaproteobacteria	Sphingomonadales	0.42
35	Gemmatimonadota	Gemmatimonadetes	Gemmatimonadales	0.41
36	Acidobacteriota	Blastocatellia	Pyrinomonadales	0.41
37	Acidobacteriota	Blastocatellia	Pyrinomonadales	0.38
38	Acidobacteriota	Vicinamibacteria	Vicinamibacterales	0.38
39	Chloroflexi	Chloroflexia	Thermomicrobiales	0.37
40	Proteobacteria	Alphaproteobacteria	Rhizobiales	0.37
41	Actinobacteriota	Rubrobacteria	Rubrobacterales	0.37
42	Proteobacteria	Alphaproteobacteria	Rhizobiales	0.36
43	Acidobacteriota	Vicinamibacteria	Vicinamibacterales	0.36
44	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Gaiellales	0.35
45	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	Pseudonocardiales	0.35
46	Gemmatimonadota	Gemmatimonadetes	Gemmatimonadales	0.34
47	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	0.34
48	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	0.33
49	Planctomycetota	Planctomycetes	Isosphaerales	0.33
50	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	Micromonosporales	0.32
51	Chloroflexi	KD4-96	Unclassified	0.31
52	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	0.31
53	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	Frankiales	0.31
54	Verrucomicrobiota	Verrucomicrobiae	Chthoniobacterales	0.30
55	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	Streptomycetales	0.30
56	Proteobacteria	Alphaproteobacteria	Rhizobiales	0.29
57	Proteobacteria	Alphaproteobacteria	Rhizobiales	0.29
58	Proteobacteria	Alphaproteobacteria	Rhizobiales	0.28
59	Chloroflexi	Gitt-GS-136	Unclassified	0.28
60	Actinobacteriota	MB-A2-108	metagenome	0.28
61	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Gaiellales	0.28
62	Actinobacteriota	Acidimicrobiia	Microtrichales	0.28
63	Acidobacteriota	Vicinamibacteria	Vicinamibacterales	0.28
64	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	0.28
65	Proteobacteria	Alphaproteobacteria	Rhizobiales	0.27
66	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	0.27
67	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Gaiellales	0.25
68	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	Frankiales	0.25
69	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Gaiellales	0.24
70	NB1-j	Unclassified	Unclassified	0.23
71	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	0.23
72	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Gaiellales	0.23
73	Proteobacteria	Gammaproteobacteria	Steroidobacterales	0.22
74	Actinobacteriota	Rubrobacteria	Rubrobacterales	0.21
75	Proteobacteria	Alphaproteobacteria	Rhizobiales	0.21
76	Methylomirabilota	Methylomirabilia	Rokubacteriales	0.20
77	Methylomirabilota	Methylomirabilia	Rokubacteriales	0.20
78	Proteobacteria	Alphaproteobacteria	Rhizobiales	0.20
79	Firmicutes	Bacilli	Bacillales	0.20
80	Verrucomicrobiota	Verrucomicrobiae	Chthoniobacterales	0.20
81	Verrucomicrobiota	Verrucomicrobiae	Chthoniobacterales	0.20
82	Acidobacteriota	Vicinamibacteria	Vicinamibacterales	0.20
83	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	Micrococcales	0.20
84	Acidobacteriota	Vicinamibacteria	Vicinamibacterales	0.19
85	Proteobacteria	Gammaproteobacteria	Burkholderiales	0.19
86	Proteobacteria	Gammaproteobacteria	Nitrosococcales	0.19
87	Proteobacteria	Alphaproteobacteria	Tistrellales	0.19
88	Entotheonellaeota	Entotheonellia	Entotheonellales	0.19
89	Chloroflexi	TK10	metagenome	0.18
90	Proteobacteria	Gammaproteobacteria	Burkholderiales	0.18
91	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Gaiellales	0.18
92	Proteobacteria	Gammaproteobacteria	Burkholderiales	0.18
93	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Gaiellales	0.17
94	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	0.17
95	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Gaiellales	0.17
96	Proteobacteria	Alphaproteobacteria	Sphingomonadales	0.17
97	Proteobacteria	Alphaproteobacteria	Rhizobiales	0.17
98	Proteobacteria	Alphaproteobacteria	Rhizobiales	0.16
99	Methylomirabilota	Methylomirabilia	Rokubacteriales	0.16
100	Proteobacteria	Alphaproteobacteria	Tistrellales	0.16

Table 2. The most abundant bacterial taxa found in a soil sample collected from steppe zone.


#	Phylum	Class	Order	Relative abundance, %
1	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	3.11
2	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	2.59
3	Actinobacteriota	Rubrobacteria	Rubrobacterales	2.54
4	Firmicutes	Bacilli	Bacillales	2.19
5	Gemmatimonadota	Gemmatimonadetes	Gemmatimonadales	1.73
6	Verrucomicrobiota	Verrucomicrobiae	Chthoniobacterales	1.59
7	Proteobacteria	Alphaproteobacteria	Rhizobiales	1.35
8	Proteobacteria	Alphaproteobacteria	Rhizobiales	1.31
9	Verrucomicrobiota	Verrucomicrobiae	Chthoniobacterales	1.24
10	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Gaiellales	1.02
11	Verrucomicrobiota	Verrucomicrobiae	Chthoniobacterales	1.02
12	Actinobacteriota	Rubrobacteria	Rubrobacterales	0.98
13	Firmicutes	Bacilli	Bacillales	0.95
14	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Gaiellales	0.77
15	Actinobacteriota	Rubrobacteria	Rubrobacterales	0.75
16	Acidobacteriota	Vicinamibacteria	Vicinamibacterales	0.73
17	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	0.68
18	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	Micrococcales	0.66
19	Actinobacteriota	Rubrobacteria	Rubrobacterales	0.65
20	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	Pseudonocardiales	0.65
21	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	0.63
22	Actinobacteriota	Rubrobacteria	Rubrobacterales	0.62
23	Verrucomicrobiota	Verrucomicrobiae	Chthoniobacterales	0.61
24	Firmicutes	Bacilli	Bacillales	0.58
25	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	0.57
26	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	Micromonosporales	0.51
27	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	Corynebacteriales	0.51
28	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Gaiellales	0.50
29	Acidobacteriota	Blastocatellia	Pyrinomonadales	0.50
30	Acidobacteriota	Vicinamibacteria	Vicinamibacterales	0.49
31	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	Frankiales	0.48
32	Proteobacteria	Alphaproteobacteria	Sphingomonadales	0.48
33	Entotheonellaeota	Entotheonellia	Entotheonellales	0.46
34	Verrucomicrobiota	Verrucomicrobiae	Chthoniobacterales	0.46
35	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	0.45
36	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	Pseudonocardiales	0.45
37	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	Propionibacteriales	0.45
38	Chloroflexi	KD4-96	metagenome	0.45
39	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	0.44
40	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	Streptomycetales	0.41
41	Acidobacteriota	Blastocatellia	Pyrinomonadales	0.39
42	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	0.38
43	Acidobacteriota	Blastocatellia	Pyrinomonadales	0.37
44	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	0.33
45	Proteobacteria	Alphaproteobacteria	Rhizobiales	0.33
46	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Gaiellales	0.33
47	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	0.32
48	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Gaiellales	0.31
49	Proteobacteria	Alphaproteobacteria	Sphingomonadales	0.30
50	Acidobacteriota	Blastocatellia	Pyrinomonadales	0.30
51	Acidobacteriota	Blastocatellia	Pyrinomonadales	0.30
52	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Unclassified	0.30
53	Verrucomicrobiota	Verrucomicrobiae	Chthoniobacterales	0.30
54	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	0.30
55	Gemmatimonadota	Gemmatimonadetes	Gemmatimonadales	0.29
56	Proteobacteria	Alphaproteobacteria	Rhizobiales	0.29
57	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	0.28
58	Proteobacteria	Alphaproteobacteria	Rhizobiales	0.27
59	Verrucomicrobiota	Verrucomicrobiae	Chthoniobacterales	0.26
60	Chloroflexi	Chloroflexia	Thermomicrobiales	0.26
61	Actinobacteriota	Rubrobacteria	Rubrobacterales	0.25
62	Proteobacteria	Alphaproteobacteria	Rhizobiales	0.25
63	Gemmatimonadota	Gemmatimonadetes	Gemmatimonadales	0.24
64	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	0.24
65	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	0.23
66	Myxococcota	bacteriap25	metagenome	0.23
67	Actinobacteriota	Rubrobacteria	Rubrobacterales	0.22
68	Actinobacteriota	Rubrobacteria	Rubrobacterales	0.22
69	Acidobacteriota	Vicinamibacteria	Vicinamibacterales	0.21
70	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	Kineosporiales	0.20
71	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	Streptomycetales	0.20
72	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Gaiellales	0.20
73	Myxococcota	bacteriap25	metagenome	0.20
74	Acidobacteriota	Vicinamibacteria	Vicinamibacterales	0.19
75	Bacteroidota	Bacteroidia	Chitinophagales	0.19
76	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Gaiellales	0.18
77	Acidobacteriota	Vicinamibacteria	Vicinamibacterales	0.18
78	Acidobacteriota	Blastocatellia	Pyrinomonadales	0.18
79	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	Micromonosporales	0.17
80	Proteobacteria	Alphaproteobacteria	Rhizobiales	0.17
81	Actinobacteriota	MB-A2-108	Unclassified	0.17
82	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Gaiellales	0.16
83	Acidobacteriota	Blastocatellia	Pyrinomonadales	0.16
84	Bacteroidota	Bacteroidia	Chitinophagales	0.16
85	Chloroflexi	TK10	bacterium Ellin6543	0.16
86	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	Propionibacteriales	0.16
87	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	0.16
88	Methylomirabilota	Methylomirabilia	Rokubacteriales	0.16
89	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Gaiellales	0.16
90	Verrucomicrobiota	Verrucomicrobiae	Chthoniobacterales	0.16
91	Proteobacteria	Gammaproteobacteria	Burkholderiales	0.15
92	Acidobacteriota	Subgroup 11	Unclassified	0.15
93	Proteobacteria	Gammaproteobacteria	Burkholderiales	0.15
94	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	0.15
95	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	Micromonosporales	0.14
96	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Gaiellales	0.14
97	Gemmatimonadota	Gemmatimonadetes	Gemmatimonadales	0.14
98	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	Frankiales	0.14
99	Actinobacteriota	MB-A2-108	Unclassified	0.14
100	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Gaiellales	0.14

Table 3. The most abundant bacterial taxa found in a soil sample collected from desert steppe zone.

#	Phylum	Class	Order	Relative abundance, %
1	Actinobacteriota	Rubrobacteria	Rubrobacterales	2.36
2	Actinobacteriota	Rubrobacteria	Rubrobacterales	2.23
3	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	1.86
4	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	1.69
5	Gemmatimonadota	Gemmatimonadetes	Gemmatimonadales	1.59
6	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	1.29
7	Proteobacteria	Gammaproteobacteria	Nitrosococcales	1.26
8	Actinobacteriota	Rubrobacteria	Rubrobacterales	1.21
9	Firmicutes	Bacilli	Bacillales	1.12
10	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	Micrococcales	0.82
11	Myxococcota	bacteriap25	metagenome	0.76
12	Actinobacteriota	Rubrobacteria	Rubrobacterales	0.76
13	Firmicutes	Bacilli	Bacillales	0.69
14	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	Pseudonocardiales	0.67
15	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Gaiellales	0.65
16	Acidobacteriota	Vicinamibacteria	Vicinamibacterales	0.65
17	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	Frankiales	0.64
18	Acidobacteriota	Blastocatellia	Pyrinomonadales	0.63
19	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	Frankiales	0.62
20	Chloroflexi	Chloroflexia	Thermomicrobiales	0.61
21	Acidobacteriota	Blastocatellia	Pyrinomonadales	0.56
22	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Gaiellales	0.56
23	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	0.54
24	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	0.54
25	Proteobacteria	Alphaproteobacteria	Rhizobiales	0.54
26	Firmicutes	Bacilli	Bacillales	0.53
27	Actinobacteriota	Rubrobacteria	Rubrobacterales	0.46
28	Actinobacteriota	Rubrobacteria	Rubrobacterales	0.44
29	Myxococcota	bacteriap25	metagenome	0.43
30	Actinobacteriota	Rubrobacteria	Rubrobacterales	0.42
31	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Gaiellales	0.40
32	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	0.39
33	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	Streptomycetales	0.38
34	Actinobacteriota	Rubrobacteria	Rubrobacterales	0.34
35	Proteobacteria	Alphaproteobacteria	Sphingomonadales	0.33
36	Chloroflexi	Dehalococcoidia	SAR202 clade	0.32
37	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	0.32
38	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	Micromonosporales	0.32
39	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	0.32
40	Proteobacteria	Gammaproteobacteria	Burkholderiales	0.31
41	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Gaiellales	0.30
42	Actinobacteriota	MB-A2-108	Unclassified	0.30
43	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Gaiellales	0.30
44	Chloroflexi	Gitt-GS-136	Unclassified	0.30
45	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	0.29
46	Acidobacteriota	Blastocatellia	Pyrinomonadales	0.29
47	Firmicutes	Bacilli	Bacillales	0.29
48	Proteobacteria	Gammaproteobacteria	Nitrosococcales	0.29
49	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	0.29
50	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Gaiellales	0.28
51	Actinobacteriota	Rubrobacteria	Rubrobacterales	0.28
52	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Gaiellales	0.28
53	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Gaiellales	0.28
54	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	0.27
55	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Gaiellales	0.27
56	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	0.27
57	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Gaiellales	0.27
58	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Gaiellales	0.26
59	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	0.25
60	Actinobacteriota	Acidimicrobiia	IMCC26256	0.25
61	Proteobacteria	Alphaproteobacteria	Rhizobiales	0.25
62	Actinobacteriota	Rubrobacteria	Rubrobacterales	0.24
63	Chloroflexi	TK10	Unclassified	0.24
64	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Gaiellales	0.23
65	Actinobacteriota	MB-A2-108	Unclassified	0.23
66	Proteobacteria	Alphaproteobacteria	Rhizobiales	0.22
67	Actinobacteriota	Acidimicrobiia	IMCC26256	0.22
68	Proteobacteria	Alphaproteobacteria	Sphingomonadales	0.22
69	Actinobacteriota	Acidimicrobiia	Unclassified	0.21
70	Actinobacteriota	MB-A2-108	Unclassified	0.21
71	Verrucomicrobiota	Verrucomicrobiae	Chthoniobacterales	0.21
72	Gemmatimonadota	Gemmatimonadetes	Gemmatimonadales	0.21
73	Chloroflexi	KD4-96	metagenome	0.21
74	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	Propionibacteriales	0.20
75	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	0.20
76	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	0319-7L14	0.19
77	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	0.18
78	Proteobacteria	Gammaproteobacteria	Burkholderiales	0.18
79	Acidobacteriota	Vicinamibacteria	Vicinamibacterales	0.18
80	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	Frankiales	0.18
81	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	Propionibacteriales	0.18
82	Proteobacteria	Gammaproteobacteria	Nitrosococcales	0.18
83	Proteobacteria	Gammaproteobacteria	Burkholderiales	0.18
84	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	0319-7L14	0.18
85	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Gaiellales	0.17
86	Actinobacteriota	Acidimicrobiia	IMCC26256	0.17
87	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	0.17
88	Chloroflexi	Dehalococcoidia	S085	0.17
89	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	0.17
90	Chloroflexi	TK10	Unclassified	0.17
91	Planctomycetota	Planctomycetes	Isosphaerales	0.17
92	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	0.17
93	Proteobacteria	Gammaproteobacteria	Burkholderiales	0.17
94	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	Kineosporiales	0.16
95	Planctomycetota	Planctomycetes	Gemmatales	0.16
96	Proteobacteria	Alphaproteobacteria	Rhizobiales	0.16
97	Nitrospirota	Nitrospiria	Nitrospirales	0.16
98	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	0.16
99	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	Corynebacteriales	0.16
100	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	Pseudonocardiales	0.16

Table 4. The most abundant bacterial taxa found in a soil sample collected from desert zone.


#	Phylum	Class	Order	Relative abundance, %
1	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	Nitriliruptorales	2.20
2	Actinobacteriota	Rubrobacteria	Rubrobacterales	1.65
3	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	1.60
4	Actinobacteriota	Acidimicrobiia	Unclassified	1.18
5	Actinobacteriota	Acidimicrobiia	Unclassified	1.13
6	Acidobacteriota	Blastocatellia	Pyrinomonadales	1.05
7	Firmicutes	Bacilli	Bacillales	0.97
8	Proteobacteria	Alphaproteobacteria	Sphingomonadales	0.95
9	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	Micrococcales	0.92
10	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	0.84
11	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Gaiellales	0.82
12	Firmicutes	Bacilli	Bacillales	0.81
13	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Gaiellales	0.80
14	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Gaiellales	0.78
15	Actinobacteriota	Rubrobacteria	Rubrobacterales	0.74
16	Actinobacteriota	Rubrobacteria	Rubrobacterales	0.70
17	Actinobacteriota	Acidimicrobiia	IMCC26256	0.64
18	Firmicutes	Bacilli	Bacillales	0.63
19	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	0319-7L14	0.60
20	Firmicutes	Bacilli	Bacillales	0.59
21	Actinobacteriota	MB-A2-108	Unclassified	0.58
22	Proteobacteria	Gammaproteobacteria	Nitrosococcales	0.51
23	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	0.50
24	Chloroflexi	Chloroflexia	Thermomicrobiales	0.50
25	Actinobacteriota	Rubrobacteria	Rubrobacterales	0.49
26	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	0.49
27	Firmicutes	Bacilli	Bacillales	0.48
28	Proteobacteria	Gammaproteobacteria	Nitrosococcales	0.47
29	Actinobacteriota	Rubrobacteria	Rubrobacterales	0.47
30	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	0319-7L14	0.44
31	Actinobacteriota	Rubrobacteria	Rubrobacterales	0.44
32	Actinobacteriota	Rubrobacteria	Rubrobacterales	0.43
33	Bacteroidota	Bacteroidia	Cytophagales	0.42
34	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Gaiellales	0.38
35	Actinobacteriota	Rubrobacteria	Rubrobacterales	0.36
36	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Gaiellales	0.36
37	Acidobacteriota	Vicinamibacteria	Vicinamibacterales	0.35
38	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	0.35
39	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	0319-7L14	0.35
40	Acidobacteriota	Holophagae	Subgroup 7	0.35
41	Actinobacteriota	MB-A2-108	Unclassified	0.34
42	Proteobacteria	Gammaproteobacteria	Burkholderiales	0.33
43	Firmicutes	Bacilli	Paenibacillales	0.33
44	Chloroflexi	Chloroflexia	Kallotenuales	0.33
45	Gemmatimonadota	Gemmatimonadetes	Gemmatimonadales	0.32
46	Actinobacteriota	MB-A2-108	Unclassified	0.31
47	Acidobacteriota	Holophagae	Subgroup 7	0.31
48	Chloroflexi	Chloroflexia	Kallotenuales	0.30
49	Acidobacteriota	Blastocatellia	Blastocatellales	0.29
50	Actinobacteriota	Rubrobacteria	Rubrobacterales	0.28
51	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	0.28
52	Proteobacteria	Alphaproteobacteria	Sphingomonadales	0.27
53	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	0319-7L14	0.27
54	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	0319-7L14	0.27
55	Acidobacteriota	Blastocatellia	Blastocatellales	0.27
56	Proteobacteria	Alphaproteobacteria	Rhizobiales	0.27
57	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	0319-7L14	0.27
58	Proteobacteria	Alphaproteobacteria	Rhizobiales	0.26
59	Gemmatimonadota	Longimicrobia	Longimicrobiales	0.26
60	Chloroflexi	Chloroflexia	Thermobaculales	0.26
61	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	0319-7L14	0.24
62	Chloroflexi	TK10	Unclassified	0.24
63	Chloroflexi	Dehalococcoidia	S085	0.24
64	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	Frankiales	0.24
65	Proteobacteria	Alphaproteobacteria	Rhizobiales	0.24
66	Actinobacteriota	MB-A2-108	Unclassified	0.23
67	Actinobacteriota	Acidimicrobiia	Unclassified	0.23
68	Chloroflexi	Chloroflexia	Kallotenuales	0.22
69	Acidobacteriota	Vicinamibacteria	Vicinamibacterales	0.22
70	Actinobacteriota	MB-A2-108	Unclassified	0.22
71	Actinobacteriota	Rubrobacteria	Rubrobacterales	0.21
72	Chloroflexi	Chloroflexia	Kallotenuales	0.21
73	Actinobacteriota	MB-A2-108	Unclassified	0.21
74	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	0319-7L14	0.21
75	Proteobacteria	Gammaproteobacteria	Burkholderiales	0.21
76	Gemmatimonadota	Gemmatimonadetes	Gemmatimonadales	0.20
77	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Gaiellales	0.20
78	Acidobacteriota	Blastocatellia	Pyrinomonadales	0.20
79	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Gaiellales	0.20
80	Actinobacteriota	MB-A2-108	Unclassified	0.20
81	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	0.19
82	Chloroflexi	Gitt-GS-136	Unclassified	0.19
83	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	0.19
84	Bacteroidota	Bacteroidia	Chitinophagales	0.18
85	Acidobacteriota	Blastocatellia	Blastocatellales	0.18
86	Acidobacteriota	Vicinamibacteria	Vicinamibacterales	0.18
87	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	0319-7L14	0.18
88	Chloroflexi	TK10	Unclassified	0.18
89	Bacteroidota	Bacteroidia	Chitinophagales	0.18
90	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	Pseudonocardiales	0.18
91	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	0.17
92	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Gaiellales	0.17
93	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Gaiellales	0.17
94	Proteobacteria	Gammaproteobacteria	Nitrosococcales	0.17
95	Actinobacteriota	Acidimicrobiia	IMCC26256	0.17
96	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	0319-7L14	0.17
97	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	0.17
98	Firmicutes	Bacilli	Bacillales	0.17
99	Actinobacteriota	Thermoleophilia	Solirubrobacterales	0.17
100	Actinobacteriota	Actinobacteria	Pseudonocardiales	0.17

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